Pelvic Ultrasound Examination

A pelvic ultrasound examination is a medical procedure that uses sound waves to generate images of the pelvic organs, including the uterus, ovaries, and bladder. It is a non-invasive and safe diagnostic technique that provides valuable information about the structure, size, and thickness of the uterine lining and the presence of any abnormalities or pathological conditions in these organs. The specific details of the procedure may vary based on individual factors and the doctor's recommendations.

Pelvic ultrasound examinations are categorized into two types: transabdominal and transvaginal. The distinction lies in the probe's position and the area being examined.

Transabdominal Ultrasound Examination

In a transabdominal ultrasound examination, the probe is placed on the abdomen. Ultrasound waves pass through the abdominal wall and bladder to reach the uterus and ovaries. It is essential to have a full bladder before the examination, as it aids in sound wave conduction and facilitates more precise imaging. Factors such as excessive abdominal fat or bowel movement can potentially impact the accuracy of the examination results. Before the examination, healthcare personnel will apply a gel to the ultrasound probe and then move it across the abdomen.

Transvaginal Ultrasound Examination

This examination involves inserting the ultrasound probe into the vagina, which makes it unsuitable for women who have not been sexually active. Before the examination, it is necessary to empty the bladder. The healthcare personnel will then insert the gel-coated probe into the vagina. Since the probe is positioned closer to the uterus and ovaries, the resulting images are generally more explicit than transabdominal ultrasound, leading to more accurate examination results.

Pelvic ultrasound can diagnose various gynaecological conditions, including endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer often lacks noticeable early symptoms, making it easily overlooked. When symptoms become more apparent, the disease is usually in an advance stage, delaying optimal treatment. Pelvic ultrasound examinations can detect tumours in the uterus and ovaries at an early stage. The following are common reasons for undergoing a pelvic ultrasound:

1. Assessing the health of female reproductive organs, including evaluating the size, shape, and condition of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. This assessment helps diagnose conditions such asovarian cysts, fallopian tube blockages, uterine fibroids, and other abnormalities.
2. Investigating the causes of pelvic pain or abnormal bleeding, including conditions like endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, or uterine abnormalities.
3. Diagnosing urinary problems, such as kidney stones or urinary tract infections.
4. Monitoring pregnancy, including measuring fetal size and the placenta's position.

Pelvic ultrasound is generally suitable for most women, and there are usually no restrictions. Women who have experienced a total hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) and bilateral oophorectomy (removal of both ovaries) typically do not require pelvic ultrasound. However, if only a portion of the reproductive organs has been removed (such as the uterus or one ovary), an ultrasound may still be necessary. The decision to undergo the examination will depend on your medical history, symptoms, and the clinical assessment conducted by your doctor. It is advisable to consult with your doctor and consider an evaluation if you experience any of the following symptoms or concerns:

• Infertility
• Abnormal menstrual cycles, including heavy or light bleeding, irregular periods, or bleeding between periods
• Pelvic pain
• Pain during sexual intercourse or urination

Yes, it can. If you have a history of sexual intercourse, it is recommended to opt for a transvaginal ultrasound. Transvaginal ultrasound offers more precise visualization of the uterus, ovaries, and particularly the uterine lining compared to abdominal ultrasound.

Yes, pelvic ultrasound examination is considered very safe. It does not involve the use of radiation, making it a non-invasive procedure. Pelvic ultrasound can be safely performed during pregnancy without causing any harm or adverse effects to both the mother and the developing fetus.

It can, but avoiding scheduling the examination during the menstrual period is generally recommended.

For abdominal pelvic ultrasound, it is necessary to have a full bladder before the examination. However, for transvaginal pelvic ultrasound, there is no such requirement.

A pelvic ultrasound examination is a quick and simple procedure, generally taking less than 20 minutes to complete. However, the duration may vary depending on individual circumstances. As a result, even individuals with appointments may experience some waiting time. We apologize for any inconvenience caused.

Yes, there will be. The doctor will perform the ultrasound scan, prepare an official report for you, review the images, and interpret the examination results. If any abnormalities are detected, you may be referred to a public hospital or private clinic for further follow-up.

Virtus Obstetrics and Gynaecology Specialist